Murblz research · 2026
Second passport cost in 2026
From a $10 fee to $800,000 invested: 32 programs for citizenship in one ranking, each row with a check date and an official source.
The cheapest second passport in our database costs about as much as dinner for two, the most expensive one about as much as a flat in a good neighbourhood. In between sit naturalisation, ancestry, government fund contributions and investment: 32 programs in our database. We ranked them by what one adult pays the state over the whole route to a passport.
Key facts
- The lowest fee is about $10 in Kazakhstan. The real price is 5 years with a residence permit and giving up your previous citizenship.
- An EU passport by ancestry costs $60-675 in fees: Romania, Poland, Greece, Italy.
- The most affordable passport for a contribution is Sao Tome and Principe: from $95,000 including due diligence.
- The median across 14 contribution and investment programs is $246,400.
- The most expensive route is the United States: $800,000 under EB-5 and 5 years with a green card.
- Nauru keeps its reduced $90,000 contribution until 31.12.2026, then it rises to $115,000.
Top 20 cheapest citizenship programs in 2026
The first 12 places go to routes with no investment at all. There you pay with years of living in the country or with archive records about your ancestors. Money as the entry ticket only appears from place 13.
| Program | Total for one adult | Contribution or investment | Government fees and due diligence | Time to passport | Visa-free | Checked against official source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan Naturalisation or a simplified route for former residents of the Kazakh SSR | ~$50 | none | $50 | 5 years with residence | - | 6 Oct 2026 |
| 2 🇷🇴 Romania Citizenship restored by descent (Article 11) | ~$60 | none | $60 | Years in the National Citizenship Authority (ANC) queue | 178 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 3 🇵🇱 Poland Polish Card (Karta Polaka), permanent residence and recognition as a citizen | ~$60 | none | $60 | A year in Poland with permanent residence, then the governor's decision | - | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 4 🇱🇻 Latvia Citizenship by Latvian descent | ~$60 | none | $60 | 6-12 months | - | 6 Oct 2026 |
| 5 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan Simplified naturalisation for former USSR citizens | ~$115 | none | $115 | About 1.5 years | 59 | 7 Oct 2026 |
| 6 🇦🇲 Armenia Citizenship by Armenian origin | ~$140 | none | $140 | 4-6 months, no residence required | - | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 7 🇬🇷 Greece Citizenship by Greek descent through a consulate | ~$150 | none | $150 | About 18 months | 185 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 8 🇱🇹 Lithuania Citizenship restored for descendants of Lithuanians | ~$200 | none | $200 | 6-12 months | 180+ | 6 Oct 2026 |
| 9 🇦🇷 Argentina Naturalisation through a federal court | ~$210 | none | $210 | 2 years in the country plus a year or more in court | 169 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 10 🇺🇾 Uruguay Naturalisation after permanent residence | ~$250 | none | $250 | 3 years with family or 5 without, plus the Electoral Court queue | 156 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 11 🇩🇪 Germany Naturalisation | ~$400 | none | $400 | 5 years of residence, 3 for spouses of citizens | 186 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 12 🇮🇹 Italy Recognition by descent if a parent or grandparent held Italian citizenship only | ~$675 | none | $675 | Up to 36 months after filing, not counting the wait for an appointment | 180+ | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 13 🇷🇸 Serbia Naturalisation after permanent residence | ~$750 | none | $750 | From 6 years | 135* | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 14 🇲🇽 Mexico Naturalisation | ~$3,500 | none | $3,500 | 5 years of residence, 2 through marriage or a child | 156-157 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 15 🇵🇾 Paraguay Permanent residence through investment, then naturalisation | from $70,000 | $70,000 investment | - | No earlier than 3 years of living there with permanent residence, plus court | - | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 16 🇸🇹 Sao Tome and Principe Government fund contribution | from $95,000 | $90,000 contribution | $5,000 | About 6 months | - | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 17 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone Go-For-Gold contribution | from $100,000 | $100,000 contribution | included | 60-90 days declared, 3-6 months in practice | 63* | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 18 🇳🇷 Nauru Climate resilience fund contribution | ~$102,700 | $90,000 contribution | $12,700 | 3-4 months | 85+* | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 19 🇻🇺 Vanuatu Government fund contribution under the DSP | ~$135,000 | $130,000 contribution | $5,000 | Usually 1-3 months | 86 | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 20 🇩🇲 Dominica Fund contribution or real estate | from $210,000 | $200,000 contribution | $10,000 | 3-6 months | 144 | 5 Oct 2026 |
* Including destinations with a visa on arrival or an online travel permit.
From means the minimum for the main applicant: the program charges extra for a spouse and children. The ~ sign means the total per adult under official tariffs. A dash in the fees column means the fees depend on the stage and the family: a manager calculates them.
How much citizenship by investment costs: the 10 most affordable programs
If you pay with money rather than years, entry starts at $70,000. That is the business investment for permanent residence in Paraguay, but the passport comes no earlier than 3 years of living there with permanent residence. The most affordable passport straight for a contribution is Sao Tome and Principe: from $95,000 and about six months to the passport.
The tenth row costs more than three times the first. The difference mostly buys visa-free travel: Caribbean passports open 144-154 destinations, those of Vanuatu and Nauru 85-86.
Caribbean programs are closed to Russian citizens. Saint Kitts and Nevis and Dominica ban them outright, Antigua and Barbuda, Grenada and Saint Lucia have suspended applications.
How much citizenship costs in other countries: search the database
The ranking shows the 20 most affordable programs. The other 12 programs in the database are in the search below: start typing a country and the tables will show only that one.
This country is not in our database. Ask a manager in the chat and we will check.
12 more programs: 9 cost $224,500 - $800,000, 3 are ancestry routes priced from the family documents
| Program | Total for one adult | Contribution or investment | Government fees and due diligence | Time to passport | Visa-free | Checked against official source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 🇲🇰 North Macedonia Special economic interest: fund investment | from $224,500 | $224,500 investment | - | No set deadline, approvals are rare | 127 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 22 🇬🇩 Grenada Government fund contribution | from $244,000 | $235,000 contribution | $9,000 | 4-9 months | 147+ | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 23 🇦🇬 Antigua and Barbuda Government fund contribution | from $248,800 | $230,000 contribution | $18,800 | 3-6 months | 150+ | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 24 🇱🇨 Saint Lucia Government fund contribution | from $250,000 | $240,000 contribution | $10,000 | from 90 days officially | 143 | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 25 🇪🇬 Egypt Contribution from $250,000 | from $260,000 | $250,000 contribution | $10,000 | 6-12 months, often longer | 49 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 26 🇰🇳 Saint Kitts and Nevis Government fund contribution | from $260,000 | $250,000 contribution | $10,000 | 3-6 months | 157 | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 27 🇹🇷 Turkey Real estate from $400,000 | ~$408,310 | $400,000 investment | $8,310 | A few months after the purchase, no fixed deadline | about 90 | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 28 🇯🇴 Jordan New project outside the capital and 10 jobs | from $705,220 | $705,220 investment | - | About 3 years | - | 5 Oct 2026 |
| 29 🇺🇸 USA EB-5 investor green card, then naturalisation | from $800,000 | $800,000 investment | - | Years: the petition, then 5 years with a green card | - | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 🇲🇩 Moldova Citizenship by Moldovan descent | - | - | - | 6-12 months | 119 | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 🇧🇬 Bulgaria Citizenship by Bulgarian origin | - | - | - | 1-2 years | - | 3 Oct 2026 |
| 🇮🇱 Israel Repatriation under the Law of Return | - | - | - | Citizenship on arrival, a full passport after about a year | - | 3 Oct 2026 |
Need a total for a family rather than one adult? Use the citizenship cost calculator. Not sure where to start? Take the quiz: which second passport suits you.
How we calculate the cost of a second passport
Every amount in the ranking is the mandatory payments to the state plus the minimum investment for one adult. It covers the whole route, from the first application to the passport in hand.
- Included: the government fund contribution or the minimum investment.
- Included: government fees for residence, the citizenship decision and the passport.
- Included: due diligence, where the applicant pays for it.
- Not included: translations, apostilles, notary, travel and living costs.
- Not included: Murblz services.
- Not included: extra charges for a spouse, children and parents.
We do not show family totals in the ranking: every country has its own charges for each family member. A manager adds them up in the chat.
Fees in local currency are converted at the official central bank rates of 2 Oct 2026 and rounded up to $5. For example, 1 euro = $1.1225 at the European Central Bank rate. Amounts that countries set in US dollars are taken as they are.
Every row is checked against an official source: an agency website, a law or a tariff. The check date is in the last column, and a click opens the source itself. We review the database every quarter and straight away when a country changes its rules.
Visa-free counts come from the program pages on our site. An asterisk means the number includes destinations with a visa on arrival or an online permit.
How to cite the data and download the table
The data is free to use in articles, research, presentations and social media, including commercial materials. There is one condition: an active link to this page.
In Russian
Источник: Murblz. Сколько стоит второй паспорт в 2026: рейтинг программ гражданства. https://murblz.com/skolko-stoit-vtoroy-pasport-2026 (версия от 07.10.2026)
In English
Source: Murblz. Second passport cost in 2026: citizenship programs ranked. https://murblz.com/en/second-passport-cost-2026 (version of 7 Oct 2026)
The whole database in one file: download the CSV. It holds 32 programs, amounts in US dollars, names in Russian and English, and a check date and official source for every row.
Found a mismatch with an official source? Write to us and we will check and update the row.
What a second passport costs end to end
The amount in the ranking is what the state receives. End to end you add translations, apostilles, travel and professional support, and a family adds charges for each member.
A manager in the chat works out the total for your family. The manager takes into account the ages of children and parents, your citizenship and the programs closed to it.
Due diligence of up to $10,000 is paid before the decision
The law does not prevent applying for citizenship on your own. But mistakes cost more than the fees: the program is closed to your citizenship, the source of funds is not fully proven, translations do not match the originals. Due diligence on the main applicant costs $5,000-10,000 and is paid on filing, before the decision. Murblz support removes these risks: we match the program to your citizenship and family, check the file and the source of funds before filing, prepare the documents, and handle correspondence with the agency until the passport. We guarantee professional work and a transparent process, and in most cases a result on the first filing.
The support fee depends on the program and the family; a manager will calculate it in the chat together with the total government payments.